555 Timer-Based Tone Generator 

Introduction

The 555 Timer IC is a versatile component used in various applications, including tone generation, pulse generation, and oscillators. In this workshop, we will design a simple tone generator circuit that produces an audible sound using a speaker.

Working Principle

The 555 Timer IC is configured in astable mode, which continuously switches between HIGH and LOW states, generating a square wave output at Pin 3. This square wave signal is fed into a speaker, causing vibrations and producing an audible tone.

Frequency Calculation

The output frequency of the tone generator is determined by the formula:

f=1.44/R1×C1

For R1 = 100kΩ and C1 = 10µF:

f=1.44/100,000×10×10−6=1.44 Hz

This generates a low-frequency pulse, producing a clicking or buzzing sound from the speaker.